diff --git a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/cca.hpp b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/cca.hpp
index 8117bc5..089585c 100644
--- a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/cca.hpp
+++ b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/cca.hpp
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ struct CCAI {
 		virtual int64_t canSend(float time_delta) = 0;
 
 		// get the list of timed out seq_ids
-		virtual std::vector<SeqIDType> getTimeouts(void) const = 0;
+		virtual std::vector<SeqIDType> getTimeouts(void) = 0;
 
 		// returns -1 if not implemented, can return 0
 		virtual int64_t inFlightCount(void) const { return -1; }
diff --git a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/flow_only.cpp b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/flow_only.cpp
index 2135dd7..3ed73f5 100644
--- a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/flow_only.cpp
+++ b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/flow_only.cpp
@@ -86,15 +86,21 @@ int64_t FlowOnly::canSend(float time_delta) {
 	return (fspace / MAXIMUM_SEGMENT_DATA_SIZE) * MAXIMUM_SEGMENT_DATA_SIZE;
 }
 
-std::vector<FlowOnly::SeqIDType> FlowOnly::getTimeouts(void) const {
+std::vector<FlowOnly::SeqIDType> FlowOnly::getTimeouts(void) {
 	std::vector<SeqIDType> list;
 	list.reserve(_in_flight.size()/3); // we dont know, so we just guess
 
 	// after 3 rtt delay, we trigger timeout
 	const auto now_adjusted = getTimeNow() - getCurrentDelay()*3.f;
 
-	for (const auto& [seq, time_stamp, size, _] : _in_flight) {
+	for (auto& [seq, time_stamp, size, acc, _] : _in_flight) {
 		if (now_adjusted > time_stamp) {
+			// make it so timed out packets no longer count as in-flight
+			if (acc) {
+				acc = false;
+				_in_flight_bytes -= size;
+				assert(_in_flight_bytes >= 0);
+			}
 			list.push_back(seq);
 		}
 	}
@@ -115,7 +121,9 @@ void FlowOnly::onSent(SeqIDType seq, size_t data_size) {
 		size_t sum {0u};
 		for (const auto& it : _in_flight) {
 			assert(it.id != seq);
-			sum += it.bytes;
+			if (it.accounted) {
+				sum += it.bytes;
+			}
 		}
 		assert(_in_flight_bytes == sum);
 	}
@@ -125,6 +133,7 @@ void FlowOnly::onSent(SeqIDType seq, size_t data_size) {
 			seq,
 			static_cast<float>(getTimeNow()),
 			data_size + SEGMENT_OVERHEAD,
+			true,
 			false
 		}
 	);
@@ -184,8 +193,10 @@ void FlowOnly::onAck(std::vector<SeqIDType> seqs) {
 			continue; // not found, ignore
 		} else {
 			//most_recent = std::max(most_recent, std::get<1>(*it));
-			_in_flight_bytes -= it->bytes;
-			assert(_in_flight_bytes >= 0);
+			if (it->accounted) {
+				_in_flight_bytes -= it->bytes;
+				assert(_in_flight_bytes >= 0);
+			}
 			//_recently_acked_data += std::get<2>(*it);
 			_in_flight.erase(it);
 		}
@@ -207,9 +218,14 @@ void FlowOnly::onLoss(SeqIDType seq, bool discard) {
 
 	// "if data lost is not to be retransmitted"
 	if (discard) {
-		_in_flight_bytes -= it->bytes;
-		assert(_in_flight_bytes >= 0);
+		if (it->accounted) {
+			_in_flight_bytes -= it->bytes;
+			assert(_in_flight_bytes >= 0);
+		}
 		_in_flight.erase(it);
+		if (_in_flight.empty()) {
+			assert(_in_flight_bytes == 0);
+		}
 	} else {
 		// and not take into rtt
 		it->timestamp = getTimeNow();
diff --git a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/flow_only.hpp b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/flow_only.hpp
index 9db0a2c..1f8fd18 100644
--- a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/flow_only.hpp
+++ b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/flow_only.hpp
@@ -27,7 +27,10 @@ struct FlowOnly : public CCAI {
 			float timestamp;
 			size_t bytes;
 
-			// set to true if counted as ce or resent due to timeout
+			// unset if it does not count torwards _in_flight_bytes
+			bool accounted {true};
+
+			// set if counted as ce or resent due to timeout
 			bool ignore {false};
 		};
 		std::vector<FlyingBunch> _in_flight;
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ struct FlowOnly : public CCAI {
 		int64_t canSend(float time_delta) override;
 
 		// get the list of timed out seq_ids
-		std::vector<SeqIDType> getTimeouts(void) const override;
+		std::vector<SeqIDType> getTimeouts(void) override;
 
 		int64_t inFlightCount(void) const override;
 		int64_t inFlightBytes(void) const override;
diff --git a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/ledbat.cpp b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/ledbat.cpp
index fa0b6dc..f56c9d4 100644
--- a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/ledbat.cpp
+++ b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/ledbat.cpp
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ int64_t LEDBAT::canSend(float time_delta) {
 	return std::ceil(std::min<float>(cspace, fspace) / MAXIMUM_SEGMENT_DATA_SIZE) * MAXIMUM_SEGMENT_DATA_SIZE;
 }
 
-std::vector<LEDBAT::SeqIDType> LEDBAT::getTimeouts(void) const {
+std::vector<LEDBAT::SeqIDType> LEDBAT::getTimeouts(void) {
 	std::vector<LEDBAT::SeqIDType> list;
 
 	// after 2 delays we trigger timeout
diff --git a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/ledbat.hpp b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/ledbat.hpp
index 37c6bcd..00edd13 100644
--- a/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/ledbat.hpp
+++ b/solanaceae/ngc_ft1/ledbat.hpp
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ struct LEDBAT : public CCAI {
 		int64_t canSend(float time_delta) override;
 
 		// get the list of timed out seq_ids
-		std::vector<SeqIDType> getTimeouts(void) const override;
+		std::vector<SeqIDType> getTimeouts(void) override;
 
 	public: // callbacks
 		// data size is without overhead